This Article Introduce to below this Topic’s

An array can be defined as an area in memory. This can be referred to by a common name. Arrays are used to set of group like object.

         Each element of the array can be referred to by the array name and a subscript or index

Syntax:-

Datatype arrayname [n];

There are two types of array

One –dimensional / Single –dimensional array

  An array is declared as containing a certain datatype and internally they are stored as a contiguous set of these data types.

Int numbers [10];

This defines an integer array called numbers. The array can hold 10 integer values, which will be stored the elements numbers [0] to numbers [9].

Float fnums [10];

This defines a float array called fnums. The array can hold 10 float values, which will be stored the elements fnums [0] to fnums [9].

Char name [10];

This defines a character array called name .the array can hold 10 characters values, which will be stored the elements name [0] to name [9].

An array can be initialized, when declared by specifying the vales of some or all of its elements .this initialization at a time of declaration is possible only outside a function unless it is declared static.

             Initialization can also be done inside the function after the array has been declared by accepting the values.

Char name [7] = {‘K’,’r’,’i’,’s’,’h’,’n’,’a’, \0’};

Char name [7] = {‘Krishna’};

      In that first case individual elements have been moved into the array and hence it is essential that the name terminator be specified explicitly.

        In that second case, the name terminator gets attached automatically because a name has been assigned.

Int ages [] = {19, 23, 45.27, 28, 29};
                In that case integer and float individual value have to be moved into the elements. In the proceeding declaration the dimension has not been specified for reason of flexibility, the compiler will automatically calculate the dimension based on the initialization.

Two-dimensional / Multi-dimensional arrays

               A two-dimensional array is in essence an array of one –dimensional array.it is also known as “two-d array”.

Syntax:-

 Datatype arrayname[x] [y];

              Each dimension of the two –d array has been placed in a separate set of brackets. Two-d arrays are stored in a row –column matrix, in which the first index indicates the row and second indicates the column.to access a specific element, either the indices or subscripts have to be specified.

Initializing Multi-dimensional/ Two-dimensional arrays

The rules for initialization of two-d array are the same as a one –dimensional array. Initialization at the time of declaration must be done outside the function or must be declared static within the function.

Only the two elements of the first row, three in the second row, and four in the third row are initialized.                                                    

                                         As usual, the array can also be initialized inside the function by accepting the values.

Character arrays initialized in two-dimensional arrays